Mémoires de Fin d’Etudes
Etablissement
Université de Annaba - Badji Mokhtar
Affiliation
Département des Sciences de la Mer
Auteur
BOUGUAMOU, Naima
Directeur de thèse
Derbal Farid (Maitre de conférence)
Filière
Biologie
Diplôme
Magister
Titre
Contribution à la biologie de spondyliosoma cantharus (téléostéen,sparidé) du golfe d’annaba (algerie,est)
Mots clés
Spondyliosoma cantharus, Sparidae, morphology, age and growth, reproduction, gulf of Annaba, Algeria, Mediterranean Sea.
Résumé
Title: A contribution to the biology of Spondyliosoma cantharus (Teleostei, Sparidae) from the gulf of Annaba (East, Algeria). is study is a contribution to the biology of coastal Sparidae of aquaculture interest, the black sea bream Spondyliosoma cantharus (L., 1758) of the gulf of Annaba. It is inserted as part of a research plan initiated by the laboratory bioressources marines and aims at a better knowledge of coastal biology and dynamics of Sparidae of the Annaba area, in particular those of economic interest. It was carried out on an annual cycle, where various aspects of fundamental interest for marine pisciculture, were approached, such as the characterization of the population of the gulf of Annaba, its age and its growth, its reproduction and its fecundity. The work presented here comprises three essential parts. The first part treats the biometrics of the numerical and metric characters and the biometric relations to the otolithes. In the second part, we studied the age and the growth by using two direct methods, the scale measurement and the otolithometry. The third part treats the biology of the reproduction during an annual cycle. Various aspects were approached at this species: sex-ratio, size at maturity, spawning season, fecundity and dynamics of the oocytes. In the first part, we studied various descriptors of the biology of this species. The morphological analysis of the S. cantharus indicates that the numerical values obtained are close or equal to those reported by the literature. Among the measured metric characters 53.33% present a growth whish is faster than the overall length or the cephalic length of the fish, 33.33% of the measured characters showed a growth slower than the overall length or the cephalic length of the fish and only 13,33% of the measured characters present a isometry of growth. The biometrics of the otolithes revealed that the growth of the otolithes is slow compared to the body growth of the fish. The age and the growth were carried out on a sample of 501 specimens measuring between 13,4 and 40 cm for an individual weight ranging between 32 and 1005 g. The age was calculated directly by the reading of the scales (scale measurement) and the otolithes sagittas (otolithometric method). The growth of black sea bream S. cantharus is marked by the deposit of only one snap ring of growth per annum. The size of fish at the various ages is determined by otolithometry and the retrocalcul for an age limit 7 years. The linear and ponderal growth is expressed mathematically by using the usual method of Von Bertalanffy. The relative growth is majorante at S. cantharus from the gulf of Annaba. The male black sea bream present a growth faster than that of the females, which is rare in teleostei fish. The parameters of the ideal model of Von Bertalanffy, given at the separated sexes, confirm this result. Spondyliosoma cantharus reproduces only once in the year, between February and May starting from an overall length of 19.3 cm for the females (2 years), and of 21.3 cm (3 years) for the males. The reproductive strategy of this species is characterised by protogynic hermaphroditism, with a sexual reversal which occurs in an approximate size of 24.3 cm. The hepato-somatic index, the adiposity and the plumpness show variations related to the reproductive cycle and differences between the masts and the immature ones, in particular after the acquisition of their first sexual maturity. The black sea bream is a thin fish which primarily stores and mobilizes its energy reserves on the level of the liver. The dynamic of the oocytes shows that there is the single laying during year. The average diameter of the oocytes is of 625.82 } 3.35 ƒÊm. The mean absolute fecundity is estimated at 133693 } 30898 eggs. The mean relative fecundity is of 478.28 } 59,92 eggs/g.
Date de soutenance
2009
Cote
574.92 BOU
Pagination
143p.
Illusatration
fig.
Format
30 cm.
Statut
Soutenue